Tuam Tshoj Powder Network Xov Xwm "Lub Luoshan jade siv yog qhov nyiam tshaj plaws, thiab cov nyiaj grate yog ntxig obliquely los qhwv lub taub hau maj mam." Nyiaj feem ntau tshwm nyob rau hauv txhua tus neeg pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, nyiaj hmoov yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, solder, catalyst, tshuaj thiab kev noj qab haus huv, ntim, khaws cia ntoo, dej purification, solar cell silver paste thiab lwm yam. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam hluav taws xob, cov hmoov nyiaj yog cov hmoov hlau uas muaj nqi tshaj plaws, feem ntau yog siv hauv hluav taws xob muab tshuaj txhuam.
Duab qhov chaw: Xi'an Hongxing Electronic Paste
Electronic paste yog ib hom viscous paste uas tau npaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem conductive hmoov, binder, hnyav thiab tus neeg sawv cev pabcuam hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob ua ke nrog cov khoom siv, metallurgy, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam thiab kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob. Vim nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo, cov hmoov hmoov ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab nws cov morphology, cov qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom me me yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev muab tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, kev npaj tshuab ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb.
Silver hmoov classification
Cov hmoov nyiaj yog feem ntau muab faib ua flake silver hmoov, spherical silver hmoov thiab dendritic silver hmoov. SEM cov duab yog raws li nram no:
Los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab yog SEM dluab ntawm flake silver hmoov, spherical silver hmoov thiab dendritic silver hmoov
◆ Cov hmoov nyiaj kheej kheej muaj qhov siab siab, thiab cov nyiaj muab tshuaj txhuam tau npaj los ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj kheej kheej muaj cov dej ntws zoo thiab tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov kab sib txuas zoo ntawm cov electrode zoo. Cov khoom ntawm spherical silver hmoov tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov nyiaj hauv ntej muab tshuaj rau cov hmoov nyiaj. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm spherical silver hmoov thiab kev kho saum npoo tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov nyiaj paste. Txhawm rau kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv nyiaj hauv ntej, cov hmoov nyiaj kheej kheej yog tam sim no tab tom txhim kho mus rau qib siab ntawm spheroidization thiab tswj tau smoothness.
◆ Flake silver hmoov yog tsim los ntawm kev ua cov hmoov nyiaj kheej kheej. Vim nws cov qauv ob-seem tshwj xeeb, qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm hom nyiaj hmoov hmoov nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj paste yog loj dua li ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj nrog lwm cov morphologies, thiab cov nyiaj muab tshuaj txhuam tau qis dua thiab zoo dua hluav taws xob conductivity. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, flake silver hmoov muaj cov qauv flake nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj paste, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub compactness ntawm sintering ntawm cov nyiaj paste. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thaj tsam ntawm cov flake silver hmoov yog qhov loj dua lwm cov hmoov nyiaj, uas txhais tau hais tias cov nyiaj muab tshuaj txhuam ua los ntawm tib yam zoo flake silver hmoov muaj cov txheej txheej loj dua, kom nws tuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov nyiaj hauv cov hmoov nplej. silver paste thiab txheej thickness tib lub sijhawm. tuav zoo hluav taws xob conductivity. Raws li cov khoom siv raw ntawm cov nyiaj rov qab paste, flake silver hmoov tuaj yeem ua kom tsis muaj zog thaum txo tus nqi ntawm cov nyiaj paste. Txawm li cas los xij, vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv nyiaj npaj, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov nyiaj electrodes zoo nrog cov kab sib chaws nyias nyias.
◆ Dendrite nyiaj hmoov yog tsim los ntawm cov spontaneous aggregation ntawm nyiaj hmoov hais rau hauv ib tug heev txiav txim dendritic qauv. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau kawm txog daim ntawv thov ntawm dendritic silver hmoov nyob rau hauv silver paste thiab pom tias dendritic silver hmoov tsis haum rau conductive silver paste. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, cov yeeb yaj kiab tuab tsim los ntawm sintering cov nyiaj paste npaj los ntawm dendritic silver hmoov yog xoob dhau thiab muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Qhov no yog vim hais tias lub zog saum npoo ntawm dendritic silver hmoov yog loj heev thiab nws yooj yim rau agglomerate, uas ua rau lub peev xwm tsis zoo ntawm cov nyiaj paste ua los ntawm dendritic silver hmoov kom dhau los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam thaum luam ntawv, thiab cov nyiaj paste poob qis. tiag tiag thaum sintering. Qhov kev ua tau zoo kuj tsis zoo, thiab dendritic silver hmoov feem ntau tsis siv rau hauv cov nyiaj muab tshuaj txhuam ntawm lub hnub ci.
Silver hmoov rau electronic silver paste
Tam sim no, cov hmoov nyiaj siv nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob muab tshuaj txhuam yog feem ntau ultrafine nyiaj hmoov, thiab nws cov morphology feem ntau yog spherical silver hmoov thiab flake silver hmoov. Yog hais tias qhov me me ntawm cov hmoov hmoov loj dhau los yog me me dhau, cov khoom thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov nyiaj muab tshuaj yuav raug cuam tshuam, yog li nws yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas qhov loj me ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj hauv qhov tsim nyog. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua, ib qho me me ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev npaj cov hmoov nyiaj, thiab cov khoom loj me me thiab cov khoom me me ntawm cov nyiaj me me yuav tsum tau ntim nrog ib leeg kom muaj kev sib cuag txaus. Thaum tsim cov nyiaj muab tshuaj txhuam, cov hmoov nplej sib xyaw nrog cov khoom me me xws li 0.2 mus rau 4 μm feem ntau yog siv los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom me me ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj tuaj yeem sau qhov khoob ntawm cov khoom loj ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj, kom cov khoom tsim. silver paste muaj zoo compactness.
Kev npaj technology ntawm nyiaj hmoov rau hluav taws xob nyiaj paste
Raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem milling, cov txheej txheem kev npaj ntawm cov hmoov hmoov tuaj yeem muab faib ua lub cev thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj.
1 Physics
Txoj kev siv lub cev tsuas yog ua rau lub cev hloov pauv rau cov hmoov nyiaj, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm oxidation hauv zos. Txoj kev siv lub cev kov yeej cov hlau nplaum quab yuam ntawm cov nyiaj siv lead ua thiab van der Waals quab yuam ntawm cov khoom, tsis qhia lwm yam impurities, thiab faib cov nyiaj siv lead ua rau hauv cov khoom zoo infinitely nrog kev pab ntawm lub zog muab los ntawm sab nraud quab yuam. Nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm ultrafine nyiaj hmoov, feem ntau siv lub cev txoj kev muaj xws li laser ablation, atomization, thiab high-lub zog pob milling.
1.1 Laser ablation method
Lub laser pulsed yog siv los ablate lub hom phiaj nyiaj hlau kom tau txais nano-scale hais dispersed hauv cov kua. Lub tshuab laser ablation yog yooj yim thiab ceev, cov khoom npaj tau ntshiab, thiab kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev tswj tau siab. Daim duab 1 yog daim duab schematic ntawm nanosecond laser ablation ntaus ntawv. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob laser yog siv los ntaus lub laser txuas txuas ntxiv ntawm lub phaj nyiaj ntshiab. Lub phaj nyiaj ntshiab yog muab tso rau hauv cov kua ib puag ncig uas muaj cov khoom tawg, thiab lub laser bombards lub hom phiaj. Cov nanoparticle yog sputtered tawm ntawm cov khoom, thiab thaum kawg dispersed uniformly nyob rau hauv cov kua ib puag ncig.
Daim duab 1 Schematic daim duab ntawm ib nanosecond laser ablation
1.2 Siab zog pob milling
High-zog pob milling yog ib tug neeg kho tshuab pulverization txoj kev. Cov khoom me me los yog cov hmoov coarse pre-kho yog crushed, crushed thiab hauv av los ntawm ib lub pob zeb kom tau zoo hlau hmoov los yog alloy hmoov, uas yog lub ntsiab txoj kev rau kev npaj flake silver hmoov. Thaum lub pob zeb tig, nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub zog centrifugal, lub pob ntog nyob rau hauv lub ntiajteb txawj nqus thaum lub tog raj kheej nce mus rau qhov siab, thiab cov khoom yog crushed los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm lub pob thiab lub pob thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub pob poob. .
1.3 Atomization txoj kev
Txoj kev atomization yog txhawm rau txhawm rau cov kua hlau molten hauv cov khoom siv atomization los ntawm cov huab cua siab, thiab cov kua hlau crushed tau tawg mus rau hauv suav tsis txheeb me me kheej kheej, thiab thaum kawg cov hmoov yog sau los ntawm qhov nruab nrab cua txias. Cov hmoov hlau tau los ntawm txoj kev atomization zoo tib yam yog cov ntxhib, feem ntau 0.5 ~ 1mm. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov hmoov zoo ultra-nplua, cov hlau molten ntws los ntawm cov kua ntim rau hauv lub chute, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kua xa mus rau cov khoom siv ntws ntws los ntawm chute. , cov kua ntws yog crushed thiab poob rau hauv qhov nruab nrab cua txias. Cov txheej txheem ntawm atomization muaj xws li roj atomization, dej atomization, centrifugal atomization, thiab nqus atomization.
2 Cov txheej txheem tshuaj
Lub agglomeration ntawm hmoov yog qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws los daws cov txheej txheem milling. Cov hmoov superfine muaj thaj tsam loj thiab yuav spontaneously agglomerate kom txo tau qhov chaw nto thiab ua tiav lub xeev ruaj khov. Tus nqi ntawm kev npaj cov hmoov hlau los ntawm kev siv lub cev yog qhov siab. Cov txheej txheem pob milling yog ib qho yooj yim los qhia cov impurities tshiab thiab qhov me me ntawm pob milling yog txwv. Txoj kev laser ablation tsis tuaj yeem siv rau kev tsim khoom loj, thiab cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab kim. Txoj kev atomization yog siv rau kev tsim cov hmoov coarse. Tsis haum rau cov hmoov zoo. Cov hmoov hmoov rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj cov kev ua haujlwm nruj, yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov qauv kev coj ua, cov khoom me me, cov khoom siv me me, kev faib tawm siab, siab dispersibility thiab siab ceev.
Muaj ntau yam tswj tau hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj, thiab cov hmoov hmoov nrog cov khoom sib txawv tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nucleation thiab nucleation kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem hloov pauv. Tam sim no, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev thiab kev xav los tswj cov txheej txheem nucleation thiab kev loj hlob hauv theem hloov. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev npaj cov hmoov nyiaj ultrafine yog: txoj kev txo cov kua-theem, kua-theem nag lossis daus hloov, thiab txoj kev microemulsion. hmoov nyiaj.
2.1 Liquid theem txo txoj kev
Cov txheej txheem yog tias tus neeg sawv cev txo qis tau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj ntsev ntsev, thiab cov nyiaj ions raug txo mus rau cov nyiaj los ntawm kev tswj cov xwm txheej ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov nyiaj ntsev yog yaj tag rau hauv cov kua los ua ib theem ua kua homogeneous, thiab tus neeg txo qis tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm inorganic lossis organic txo cov neeg ua haujlwm. Txhawm rau npaj cov hmoov nyiaj ultrafine, ib qho kev cuam tshuam los yog kev tiv thaiv tus neeg sawv cev feem ntau ntxiv rau qhov kev txo qis kom txo cov agglomeration ntawm cov nyiaj hais. Txoj kev txo cov tshuaj ua kua-theem siv cov tshuaj nitrate los yog silver ammonia tov raws li oxidant precursor, thiab txo cov nyiaj hais los ntawm kev tswj cov kub thiab pH ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txheej txheem. Tom qab qhov txo qis, cov hmoov tau txais nyiaj tau lim, ntxuav thiab qhuav kom tau cov hmoov nyiaj.
2.2 Microemulsion txoj kev
Microemulsion yog tsim los ntawm ob lub immiscible kua, thiab yog ib tug thermodynamically ruaj khov, isotropic, pob tshab los yog translucent dispersion system, ib los yog ob tug microscopically stabilized los ntawm ib tug surfactant interface zaj duab xis. Cov kua dej. Cov tee dej ruaj khov no ua ib lub reactor me me nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm kaum nanometers. Thaum cov tshuaj txo tus neeg sawv cev thiab cov nyiaj nitrate tov sib xyaw rau hauv cov reactors me me tib lub sijhawm, cov hmoov nano-silver tuaj yeem txo tus kheej, thiab cov zaj duab xis micro-droplet yog ib puag ncig los ntawm surfactant, yog li tsim nano-silver nuclei. yuav tsis diffuse sab nraud thiab agglomerate. Txoj kev microemulsion yog ib txoj hauv kev tshwj xeeb hauv kev txo cov kua theem. Ob leeg ntawm lawv yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug ntshiab kua theem system, tab sis txoj kev microemulsion yog ib tug ua ke ntawm ob immiscible kuab tshuaj. Cov hmoov hmoov npaj yog raws li nram no. Nano-scale, qhov loj me me yog qhov zoo thiab sib xws.
2.3 Liquid-theem nag lossis daus txheej txheem
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev, nyiaj nitrate yog hloov mus rau hauv cov nyiaj precipitates xws li nyiaj chloride, nyiaj carbonate, nyiaj acetate thiab nyiaj oxide, thiab cov precipitates raug txo nyob rau hauv ib tug ua kua theem ib puag ncig los ntawm kev ntxiv ib tug txo tus neeg saib xyuas kom tau nyiaj hmoov. Cov hmoov nyiaj kuj tuaj yeem ncaj qha decomposed los ntawm thermal decomposition txoj kev. Piv txwv li, nyiaj chloride pib decompose ntawm 200 degree, thiab decomposition yog qhov hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm 400 degree. Tom qab ntau tshaj 500 degree, yeej tsis muaj nyiaj chloride tshuav, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yuav ua rau volatilization. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov kub thiab txias volatilization Smelting tus neeg sawv cev sodium carbonate tuaj yeem ntxiv.
Piv nrog rau cov ntshiab kua-theem txo txoj kev, cov kua-theem nag lossis daus hloov txoj kev tuaj yeem txo qhov txo cov electrode peev xwm ntawm cov nyiaj, yog li ntawd feem ntau txo cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem txo cov hmoov nyiaj. Cov theem nag lossis daus raws li theem niam txiv muab qhov chaw nucleation thiab nucleation zog, thiab nws yooj yim dua los nag cov hmoov nyiaj. Txoj kev hloov nag lossis daus tuaj yeem ntxiv tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv thaum lub sijhawm npaj los nag, thiab tswj nruj me ntsis raws li qhov loj me thiab morphology ntawm nag lossis daus. Kev khi muaj peev xwm ntawm cov nyiaj ions thiab lwm yam anions muaj zog heev, thiab cov tsim precipitates agglomerate rau hauv flocs, uas yuav tawg thaum txo cov hmoov nyiaj.
Cov ntsiab lus
Txog tam sim no, cov hmoov nyiaj tau ua tiav ntau qhov kev ua tiav hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv nyiaj siv hluav taws xob, tab sis tseem muaj ntau yam teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov hmoov nyiaj npaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, yog li cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov hmoov nyiaj, txhawm rau npaj cov hmoov hmoov nrog kev ua tau zoo dua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau ntxiv. .
Qhov chaw siv:
[1] Liu Xu, Liu Xu, et al. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem kev npaj ntawm cov hmoov hmoov rau hluav taws xob muab tshuaj txhuam. Xyoo 2014.
【2】 Dong Ge, et al. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov hmoov hmoov khoom ntawm lub hnub ci cell paste. Cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. 2021.
【3】 Su Shaojing. Kev npaj cov hmoov hmoov rau hluav taws xob muab tshuaj txhuam los ntawm kev txo cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev tshawb fawb txog nws cov khoom. 2018.
(Edited los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Powder Network / Xingyao)
Nco tseg: Cov duab no tsis yog siv rau kev lag luam, thov qhia thiab tshem tawm yog tias muaj kev ua txhaum cai!